Hermetic Brotherhood Of Lux-Or are one of the finest Italian avant-psychedelia outfits. Their approach is anthropological before it is musical, seeking a link between sound, territory and Sardinian culture, which, with its millennia-old traditions and ancestral rites, is a land of myths and mysteries. We spoke about music and anthropology with Mirko Santoru, one of the founders of the performance collective Trasponsonic as well as a member of Hermetic Brotherhood Of Lux-Or.
Let's start with the name: are you a scholar of occultism and initiatory sects, or, more simply, did you just like how it sounded when you chose it?
I was enrolled for three years in the anthropology department at the University of Sassari; I've always been drawn to everything concerning human beings, their behaviors, their creations, their traditions. Having been born in a living museum of humanity's millennia-old history, as Sardinia is, certainly encouraged this passion. I adore material culture in all its forms. Along this path I came across a book by Guenon on Tradition that cited the Hermetic Brotherhood Of Lux-Or, the only translated Italian documents in existence at the time I was reading them. Only in 2008 was their history printed in Italian. Part of one of their 1881 manifestos states: it was born 4451 years ago from the split between clericalists and true adepts, the split between Thebes and Lux-Or, brought about by the followers of the divine Grand Master Hermes Trismegistus. All Western occultism and the pagan religious rites of the ancient Western nations are indebted to this ancient order. The hermetic initiates drew nothing from India: the apparent similarity between the names, doctrines and rituals of the Hindus and the Egyptians, far from showing that Egypt derived its doctrine from India, instead reveals how the main themes of their respective doctrines derive from the same source; and this original source is neither India nor Egypt, but rather the lost island of the West. I believe that, as Sergio Frau writes in "Le colonne d'Ercole", this ancient island is Sardinia. It sums up the whole meaning of our search for origins. Of achieving awareness of our identity.
In what way was the Trasponsonic experience influenced by Sardinian cultural humus and its traditions?
You could say it was influenced genetically. In every way. The island. The megaliths. The factories. The stones and the industrial archaeology. The seasonal rites. The wine. Archaic and modern. Past and future. All intertwined in a space where time flows slowly but inexorably.
Hermetic Brotherhood Of Lux-Or are the "children" of the Trasponsonic collective/label: how did that experience come about, and what was its founding purpose?
The experience was born out of an encounter, in the late Nineties, of people passionate about cinema, theater, television, anthropology, philosophy, and driven by the urgency of youth — the urge, at twenty, to experience everything at once... From the very start our goal was to fuse all possible art forms into a new, shape-shifting golem... Music then became the privileged vehicle. Gli 8 Afrodisiaci fatti in Casa, the mother band/collective that held all of us together in those years, existed only through improvised happenings built on off-theater, punk, cross-dressing and pure madness... Like all extreme experiences, it reached the point of explosion and propelled us into the new creature, Trasponsonic. Transposons are small segments of DNA found within and between chromosomes. They represent the mechanism of genetic recombination between elements with no structural or ancestral relation. Transposonic technology fuses artistic, anthropological and sociological elements, creating the musical culture of new, evolving human beings. Men both archaic and futuristic at once.
The projects released under the Trasponsonic imprint were highly varied (obviously a good thing). What were your musical influences? What were you listening to?
Our listening habits were, and still are, among the most varied. Some of us came from the grind and noisecore scene of the early Nineties. One of the first grind bands was formed in Macomer, Assache. So we listened to Extreme Noise Terror, Anal Cunt, 7 Minutes Of Nausea, etc. The return of psychedelia in the mid-Nineties took us back to early Pink Floyd, 13th Floor Elevators, Subarachnoid Space... then came the wave infatuation with wave acts like Joy Division, Virgin Prunes, Butthole Surfers, Einsturzende Neubauten, Diamanda Galas, which eventually led us into the jazz of Sun Ra, the Art Ensemble Of Chicago, ethnic music, various avant-gardes, etc., but it could be said that the biggest influence came from our cinematic, theatrical and literary visions: Dostoevsky, Pasolini, Gibson, Cronenberg, Artaud, Debord, Burroughs, Bunuel, Steiner, Ballard, Lawrence, Lovecraft, Leary, ethnobotany, archaeology, philosophy, etc., and from the way it all blended together in our lives.
Let me ask you an unpleasant question: which are your favorite productions by the collective?
They're all documents of intense passages, I won't add anything else!
Another unpleasant question: how would you describe the music of Hermetic Brotherhood Of Lux-Or?
Post World Music!
Your concept of recording relates to ethnography. Can you explain to OndaRock's readers what you mean by that?
All of Brotherhood's work, like 90% of what Trasponsonic has produced, consists of ethnographic documents. Our way of making music is strictly tied to our life, and since we're islanders, specifically from Macomer and its surroundings, listening to an HBOL record is equivalent to listening to the musical tradition of a circumscribed group of people who have produced and still produce music in central Sardinia straddling the second and third millennium. The recording sessions happen ritually, following pleasant get-togethers, with no planning whatsoever as to what direction to take. The recording technique is always direct capture. The equipment varies — lately we've been using a camcorder with a good stereo microphone a lot. The result is therefore the actual document that photographs us and our musical expression on that given day and in that precise place, with no overdubs or attempts at polishing. Pure field research.
I get the impression that your records are an indictment of the process of civilization, and therefore an attempt to give vent to a cathartic primitivism.
More an indictment of the process of human involution currently underway! 90% of the population undergoes the technocratization of society while remaining in the dark about the mechanisms underlying the scientific and technical process. This truly represents man's primitiveness, since he performs repetitive mechanical gestures like turning on a light, getting in the car, using a PC, a tablet, a handheld device, without possessing any real knowledge of them, nor being able to replicate the existence of the object. The human journey that led us to these discoveries is everyone's heritage, but control over it is reduced to the hands of a few who exercise control over the masses. If, for whatever reason, we were suddenly deprived of technology tomorrow, few of us would be able to survive, to light a fire, for instance. Ours is therefore an invitation to reclaim our ancient knowledge, while at the same time trying to carefully penetrate current technology, not living it passively, seeking within ourselves the mental and spiritual resources that made progress possible. Forward into the future, aware of the power of the knowledge that lies behind us.
So how does technology fit into your musical discourse?
Technology today is comparable for us to other elements under human control, such as fire, water, air. The approach to using them remains archaic and primitive. Despite the medium's apparent coldness, it actually conceals something uncontrollable. That's the side we try to investigate, just as a primitive man who has just discovered fire learns the technique through empirical study of its thousand applications. Using technology as a club, as a plow, as a spear. That's what interests us. Carving music onto hard drives like cave paintings.
Speaking of your previous releases (Saint Lux, Urano 1 and 3, Humungus Fungus), are those also anthropological investigations into Sardinia, or is there a different concept behind them?
Our anthropological research can never disregard our culture of origin, but its most relevant characteristics can be traced in the most disparate human cultures, and perhaps even in some extraterrestrial ones. “Saint Lux” was born as an incubation ritual inside a muristene (a pilgrims' shelter) of the countryside church of San Lussorio in Borore, and dedicated to the White Goddess. “Umungus Fungus” as a mycophagous ritual inspired by sacred foods. “Urano1” and “Urano3” as cosmic journeys, carrying Sardinian sounds like on a space ark exploring our symbolic planet. The planet of Aquarius.
“Saint Lux”, as well as the two volumes of “Ethnographies”, were reviewed by Julian Cope on his website. How did you come into contact with him? And since Cope is passionate about Nuragic culture, did you get a chance to explain to him the anthropological foundations of your project?
I heard from friends that he often visited Sardinia to study our megaliths, and that he was writing a book about the SS131 highway, the core of the story unfolding right in Macomer. On top of that, I knew his reputation as a music critic and shaman. Too many coincidences... So one day I simply put the record in an envelope and sent it. A few days later, the first enthusiastic review came out. At the moment I still haven't had the honor of exchanging a few words with him. We communicate by me sending him our work, and so far the message has gotten through. Maybe we frequent the same astral planes.
I saw one of your performances online with Simon Balestrazzi — can you explain the meaning of it and of the masks?
I had been working for a while on a ritual to perform at the archaeological site of Tamuli, where there are three giants' tombs and six betili, three of which are breast-shaped. I titled it Rebirth Invocation.
Among its great sacred values, the giants' tomb holds the symbolic and structural meaning of the maternal womb, which welcomes its deceased children for eternal sleep and, through the energy catalyzed by the earth, returns them to the universe in a deeply spiritual natural process of birth, death and rebirth. Its shape recalls both the bull, a symbol of fertilizing power, and a woman's body in the act of giving birth. It represents a perfect fusion of the masculine and feminine principles and reminds men that every ending is always a new beginning. For us twenty-first-century Sardinians, it's a call to start again by reclaiming our millennia-old origins, in order to rebuild, on the corpse of a failed modernity imposed on us time and again throughout our history, a new path of tradition that finally creates a harmonious entity between the deep past and the immediate future. The spirituality of our ancestors can give us the momentum we need to project ourselves into the world to come. To the earth and to our ancestors, to what they wanted to communicate to us across the millennia, we dedicate our invocation through that extraordinary medium that is Music, as a wish for fertility and rebirth for our Mother, our Earth, now suffering so dramatically.
As for the Boes and Merdules of Ottana, they are symbolically similar to Mamuthones and Issohadores, but more archaic, because there's an inversion at play. In Boes and Merdules, the former represent the animal world and the latter the humans who try to dominate them with the soha (the lasso), but in a continuous exchange of roles. Mamuthones and Issohadores represent a world closer to us, that of Spanish domination, in which the Issohadores (the masters dressed in seventeenth-century clothing) dominated the Merdules/Mamuthones, who dance in an orderly, controlled manner. It's a mutation of the original rite.
I firmly believe, to put it in Turner's terms, in Social Drama, that is, in performative practices aimed at a critical redefinition of reality. It seems to me that the cultural breaking of norms is the only possible form of conflict. As “anthropologists of performance,” do you feel invested with a function that is in some way political?
There is no political weapon left except that of our real behaviour. The performance, or as I prefer to call it the ritual, is that structural framework which allows us to speak the truth about our lives in an explicit way. It is the expressive medium par excellence, and it always has been. Before theatre, before any art form whatsoever, ritual was the place of trance, of liberation, of revelation. Its social importance goes back to the mists of time: it's not some dusty recitation learned by heart, but the dramatic exposure of real life freed from every superstructure. Only by wearing our ritual masks every day can we still leave some mark on the great human community. The unveiling of identity through the means of ritual masking is the political paradox of change: the great art of contradiction.
After the second volume of "Ethnographies", what's cooking?
We have material for at least two more volumes of "Ethnographies". Personally, I'm about to start recording my first solo album as MSMiroslaw, dedicated to my sacred horse skull... with HBOL we've recorded, using our own methods, a session with Simon Balestrazzi, who has entered our world beautifully and we his, and we're considering whether he'll agree to release it soon. Back at Trasponsonic HQ, there's a lot of material on hold that I plan to release as soon as I have a bit more resources. In any case, we're always immersed in our magical world. Thanks for the wonderful chat. See you soon.
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This article is an English translation of the original Italian text by Antonio Ciarletta, published on OndaRock.it. It was translated with the help of artificial intelligence, under the editorial responsibility of OndaRock's editor-in-chief, Claudio Fabretti.
| Humungus Fungus (Trasponsonic, 2007) | ||
| Urano 1 (Trasponsonic, 2008) | ||
| Urano 3 (Trasponsonic, 2008) | ||
| Saint Lux (Trasponsonic, 2009) | ||
| Ethnographies Vol. I - Musèe de l'Homme Hermètique (Trasponsonic, 2010) | ||
| Ethnographies Vol. II - Musèe de l'Homme Hermètique (Trasponsonic, 2012) |